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Polyethylene terephthalate is a synthetic linear thermoplastic polymer belonging to the class of polyesters. Polycondensation product of terephthalic acid and monoethylene glycol. Polyethylene terephthalate has the ability to exist in an amorphous or crystalline state, the degree of crystallinity being determined by the thermal history of the material. With rapid cooling, polyethylene terephthalate is amorphous, with slow cooling, it is crystalline. Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate is a solid transparent material, crystalline is a solid opaque colorless. The degree of crystallinity can be adjusted by annealing at a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the melting point. Commercial polyethylene terephthalate is usually produced in the form of granules with a granule size of 2-4 millimeters.

The usual designation of polyethylene terephthalate on the Russian market is PET, but it can be and other designations: PET or PET or PETP (polyethylene terephthalate), APET (amorphous polyethylene terephthalate).

On an industrial scale, PET began to be produced as a fiber-forming polymer, but soon took one of the leading places in the polymer packaging industry.